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Alkali

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ALKALIS - structure and production

Alkalis are strong organic bases with corrosive properties. This group of compounds includes primarily hydroxides of elements belonging to the first group of the periodic table, so called lithium group. Alkalis also include aqueous solutions of sodium, potassium and ammonium carbonates, as well as ammonia water. From the chemical perspective, alkalis are all bases according to the Arrhenius theory, where an acid is a compound that produces a hydrogen cation (H+) when it dissociates, while a basis is a compound that produces a hydroxyl anion (OH-) when dissociating. Alkalis are characterised by pH values of 7.1 or greater, which means they have a basic reaction. Their concentrated solutions are corrosive, and therefore hazardous to health, so it is necessary to use personal protective equipment during contact with these substances. Furthermore, alkaline solutions are slippery to the touch as they cause saponification of the lipid barrier present on human skin surface.