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Additives to increase the strength of concrete

Additives increasing the strength of concrete are used to improve the mechanical properties of concrete, such as resistance to compression, stretching, abrasion or swelling.

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Additives increasing the strength of concrete are used to improve the mechanical properties of concrete, such as resistance to compression, stretching, abrasion or swelling. They are used to modify a concrete mix or hardened concrete. The following types of additives can be distinguished:

  • mineral additives (e.g. microsilica)—due to its very small particle size, SiO2 penetrates the spaces between cement grains, filling the resulting micropores. Because of this, it increases its strength;
  • cement additives (e.g. aluminous cement)—used in specialised applications, such as the production of heat-resistant products, repair of concrete under chemically aggressive conditions, or for waterproof repairs;
  • chemical additives (e.g. calcium chloride)—they accelerate the setting of concrete and increase its strength;
  • fibrous additives (e.g. steel fibres and polymer fibres)—they increase resistance to cracking and temperature changes;
  • additives for a pozzolanic reaction (e.g. fly ash)—they cause the formation of micro-bubbles in the concrete, which increases its volume and reduces the unit weight.