Correct selection of the gear oil is of prime importance for trouble-free operations of the machine. Lubricants to gears should provide superior thermal stability, oxidation resistance and efficiency. The most popular gear used in industry include: helical gears, bevel helical gears, planetary gears and worm gears.
Helical gears are a type of cylindrical gears with teeth that are cut at an angle to the gear’s wheel. Due to their high load capacity, quiet and smooth operations are widely used in mechanical power transmission, industrial and power machinery.
Bevel helical gears combine the features of bevel and helical gears. These are gears with bevel shape but teeth are cut at the angle as in helical gears. The design allows for smooth and quiet power transmission between intersecting shafts. They are commonly used when power needs to be transferred between two shafts that meet at an angle, typically at a 90°.
In planetary gears several gears called planet gears mesh with a central gear. Planetary gears are compact and have high torque but can be harder to maintain or repair due to their complicated shape. They are used in a wide range applications including electric vehicles, wind turbines and industrial machinery. Due to high performance, synthetic oils (ex. Polyalkylene glycols) are often used to planetary gears.
Worm gears are most common driver type used to transmit power from active to passive shaft. Worm gears are consisting of two main elements: worm (a screw-like shaft) and worm wheel. In this type of gear a shaft and a worm wheel are located perpendicular to each other. The worm slides against the teeth of worm wheel, resulting in more friction compared to other gears. Lubricants for worm gears are specialty formulated to handle the unique challenges such as: high slipping friction, heat generation and metal-to-metal contact. Extreme-pressure additives need to be used to ensure good lubrication at those severe conditions.
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